SINCE World war 2, medical science has progressed to some stage where competitive medications are available to treat the identical ailment in several people. This is not just about brands (that is a trade issue) but generic drugs (that is a scientific issue). Within this report, we shall look at the various factors that decide picking a a particular drug.
Safety: The subsequent sub-criteria must be considered under the criterion of safety:
* Acute therapeutic index: If the patient’s condition is acute, how effective is often a particular drug even though it’s certain side-effects provided that the acuteness of the condition is lowered? Example: narcotic pain-killers work well in healing pain but feature the opportunity side-effect of addiction.
* Long-term safety: drug may be safe in short-term treatment, but how safe it’s in long-term treatment? Example: antibiotics are acceptable in short-term treatment, but sometimes have undesirable effects in the event of prolonged use.
* Drug-drug interaction risk: Drugs are chemicals, and lots of chemicals react to create a different chemical, which has an effect which could harm the sufferer or aggravate his/her condition. Example: A tricyclic anti-depressant and alcohol interact to generate a new condition that warrants separate treatment.
Drug-drug interaction risk is of two kinds:
· Pharmacokinetic: In this type of drug-drug interaction, two drugs, separate from each other, have certain effects on a single or even more body processes (e.g., metabolism) that affects the performance of the other. Example: Darvocet-N (propoxyphene and acetaminophen) inhibits the act of a liver enzyme that Lexapro (escitalopram) is dependent upon for its metabolism. This will cause a boost in the side-effects of Lexapro.
· Pharmacodynamic: Here, a couple of drugs actually make the same influence on the identical organ, thus increasing the total, added effect. Example: Lexapro has certain side-effects including drowsiness and fatigue. Darvocet-N also acts similarly on the brain. Thus, the side-effects of both the medicines are more serious.
Tolerability: A medication may be effective and not tolerable by all patients. Example: Allergies to certain drugs in most people. Short-term and long-term tolerability have to be looked at. Efficacy: A medication is just not equally effective in all patients. As an example, some patients with depression or panic attacks experience reduced escitalopram, but there are numerous who don’t, who therefore have to be prescribed a different anti-depressant. The pace of start of therapeutic action is a crucial step to be looked at too.
Cost: Cost does not necessarily mean the expense of acquiring a certain medicine alone. It must also cover the expense of treating a complication which could arise from using a different drug. Example: Within a one who insists on taking alcohol and yet must be treated for depression is generally administered an SSRI drug because these drugs don’t potentiate the consequences of alcohol, whereas another gang of anti-depressants (including tricyclics) might cause a whole new problem in such patients, which may have to have a various and expensive treatment. Therefore, it’s easier to prescribe the more expensive escitalopram instead of a cheaper tricyclic such patients.
Simplicity of treatment: The simplest mode of administration is preferred. When there is an option between an injection and oral administration, aforementioned is preferred if the efficacy of both the modes is the identical. Or, local application is chosen over the oral route where possible; e.g., antibiotic treating eye infections. Dosage and frequency of administration too are key point to decide simple treatment.
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