Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is really a sport in which athletes compete for that total weight of 2 lifts: the snatch and the clean & jerk. The education methods utilized in Weightlifting will also be utilised by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a technique of resistance training to get a massive amount other sports. Most significant factors behind exploiting various resistance training modalities such is perfect for power development. There are lots of variations on the theme of power training. Some of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A favorite method employed to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks and their variations) conducted within the weight room (Garhammer, 1993). It’s traditionally been described as effective way of producing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are many important considerations which require to become addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises in the Strength & Conditioning program of an athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and coaching time with athlete. The intention of this short article by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is always to supply a biomechanical and physiological discussion that explains why weightlifting workouts are necessary to improve athletic performance and how they must be performed in the training course. For more information, check out www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been defined as the best combination of speed and strength to create movement (Chu 1996). Specifically, power represents the ability of the athlete to create high degrees of sort out confirmed distance. The greater power a sports athlete possesses the greater the amount of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is really a combination of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed of movement)
There are lots of physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the force component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength include a rise in muscle tissues through hypertrophy, connective tissue density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) that can be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) surge in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) surge in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed of movement is made up of many different interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). They are; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy utilisation of the series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate development of the very center (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) in the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a guide to Strength & Conditioning Courses based on the type of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of coaching within the program. Because of this, the Strength & Conditioning coach can effectively plan which power to merely develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is the most suitable utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists regarding ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises within the resistance training programs of athletes in sports other than weightlifting. These concerns generally fall into 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time required to learn the movements due to the complexity in the lifts. 2) A lack of understanding of the possible bene?ts that can be produced by performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern in the potential for injury resulting from performing these weightlifting movements.
It can be evident there’s a multitude of biomechanical advantages of performing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been in the perceived danger of performing these lifts. Judging by the evidence presented by Brian Hammill in the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it can be stated with con?dence the risk of harm can be as low or lower than most sports so long as there exists quali?ed supervision provided by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who’ve been competent in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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